Designed for courses in Cell Biology offered at the Sophmore/Junior level,   Cell Biology gives students the tools they need to understand to make the connection between cell biology and experimental data. Karp explores core concepts in considerable depth, and presents experimental detail when it helps to explain and reinforce the concept being explained. This sixth edition continues to offer an exceedingly clear presentation and excellent art program, both of which have received high praise in prior editions. The text has been completely updated to reflect the most recent advances in cellular and molecular biology. Major topical revisions include: Chapter 1: increased coverage of metagenomes and human biogenomes.; new Human Perspectives box on embryonic stem cells; new coverage on synthetic biology. Chapter 2: coverage on calorie restriction and longevity, coverage on treatment of Alzheimer’s disease; proteomics; GroEL, Chapter 3: conformational changes in enzymes, obesity and diabetes treatment with AMPK. Chapter 4: homology modeling, treatment of CF patients with Bronchitol, Chapter 5: mitochondrial dysfunction and resulting disorders, mutant gene Polg, Chapter 7: added coverage on integrins, focal adhesions, selectins, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, platelet activating factor. Chapter 8: coverage on RNA interference, small RNAs, COPII coat, targeting and tethering vesicles, phosphoinostedes,  Chapter 9: Fluorescence imaging techniques to study cytoskeleton, IF polypeptides Chapter 10: Amphioxus genome, protein coding genes in the human genome, HAR1, AMY1, genome-wide association studies, cost of genetic sequencing. Chapter 11: RNA polymerase, RNA silencing, small interfering RNAs, pri-mi RNA, unnatural amino acids, tRNA hybrid states, release factors, arrangement/orientation of ribosomes, Chapter 12: Chromatin is a dynamic cellular component, heterochromatin, histone tail modifications influence chromatin structure. Chapter 13: function of telomerase, interactions between distantly located genes, DNA microarrays, role of transcription factors in determining a cell’s phenotype, promoter elements that regulate gene expression, CH1P technique, Chapter 14: cyclin-Cdk complexes, kinetochores, nuclear envelope, spindle assembly checkpoints, ssDNA and dsDNA, Chapter 15: protein kinases, GPCR rhodopsin, scaffolding proteins, insulin signaling and lifespan, store-operated calcium entry, Bcl-2 proteins, Chapter 17: DC-T cell interactions, immunological tolerance to self-antigens,