The vena cava filter should never replace anticoagulation in the treatment of venous thromboembolic disease. Indeed, the percutaneous implantation procedure, although increasingly safe and simple, is not without complications. The risk of recurrence of deep vein thrombosis is another disadvantage that should not be overlooked, especially since the benefit in terms of reducing the occurrence of fatal pulmonary embolism and all-cause mortality has never been demonstrated. Therefore, the indications for cava filters should be discussed by a multidisciplinary team. Optional cava filters should be preferred to permanent filters. Their removal should be a priority once the indication is exceeded, since complications remain frequent even at a distance from the implantation and removal becomes more complicated with time.